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1.
Rev. Assoc. Med. Bras. (1992) ; 66(6): 818-823, June 2020. tab, graf
Article in English | SES-SP, LILACS | ID: biblio-1136279

ABSTRACT

SUMMARY INTRODUCTION Celiac disease (CeD) is an autoimmune disease that can be delayed in diagnosis due to the presence of atypical and asymptomatic cases in adulthood. Herein we aimed to study the frequency of CeD and evaluate whether magnified endoscopy and magnified/FICE (flexible spectral imaging color enhancement) techniques contribute to the diagnosis in patients with serum iron and vitamin B12 deficiency. METHODS We evaluated 50 adult patients (10 males and 40 females) who had serum iron and vitamin B12 deficiency, prospectively. All the patients had undergone upper gastrointestinal system endoscopy by the same endoscopist. The second part of the duodenum was evaluated with white light, magnified, and magnified/FICE endoscopy. Biopsy specimens were evaluated by the same pathologist. The specimens diagnosed as CeD were classified according to the Modified Marsh-Oberhuber criteria. RESULTS 10 of 50 patients (20%) were diagnosed as CeD. The average age was 41±11 years (20-67 years). Thirty percent of CeD diagnosed patients had typical CeD symptoms. Six of 10 patients (60%) who were diagnosed as CeD had typical endoscopic images under white lighted endoscopy. All of these 10 patients (100%) showed villous irregularity, partial villous atrophy, or total villous atrophy consistent with CeD with magnified and magnified/FICE endoscopy. CONCLUSION The practical use of magnified/FICE endoscopy allows us to differentiate mucosal abnormalities of the duodenum and minimize false-negative results that indicate normal mucosal findings with conventional endoscopy.


RESUMO INTRODUÇÃO A doença celíaca (DC) é uma doença autoimune que pode ter seu diagnóstico atrasado devido à presença de casos atípicos e assintomáticos na idade adulta. Neste trabalho, objetivamos estudar a frequência de DC e avaliar se as técnicas de endoscopia magnificada e magnificada/Fice (flexible spectral imaging color enhancement) contribuem para o diagnóstico em pacientes com deficiência sérica de ferro e vitamina B12. MÉTODO Foram avaliados prospectivamente 50 pacientes adultos (10 homens e 40 mulheres) com deficiência sérica de ferro e vitamina B12. Todos os pacientes foram submetidos a endoscopia digestiva alta pelo mesmo endoscopista. A segunda parte do duodeno foi avaliada com endoscopia com luz branca, magnificada e magnificada/Fice. As amostras de biópsia foram avaliadas pelo mesmo patologista. Os espécimes diagnosticados como DC foram classificados de acordo com os critérios de Marsh-Oberhuber modificado. RESULTADOS Dez dos 50 pacientes (% 20) foram diagnosticados como DC. A idade média foi de 41±11 anos (20-67 anos). Trinta por cento dos pacientes diagnosticados com DC apresentaram sintomas típicos de DC. Seis dos dez pacientes (60%) diagnosticados com DC tinham imagens endoscópicas típicas sob endoscopia de luz branca. Todos esses dez pacientes (% 100) apresentaram irregularidade das vilosidades, atrofia das vilosidades parciais ou atrofia das vilosidades totais consistentes com a DC com endoscopia magnificada e magnificada/Fice. CONCLUSÃO O uso prático da endoscopia magnificada/Fice permite diferenciar anormalidades mucosas do duodeno e minimizar os resultados falso-negativos que apresentam achados mucosais normais com a endoscopia convencional.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Vitamin B 12 Deficiency , Celiac Disease , Image Enhancement , Endoscopy, Digestive System , Endoscopy , Iron , Middle Aged
2.
Rev. Assoc. Med. Bras. (1992) ; 64(9): 845-852, Sept. 2018. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-976865

ABSTRACT

SUMMARY BACKGROUND One of the most important factors affecting the quality of life of chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients is nutrition. Prevention of malnutrition increases patients' quality and length of life. In this study, we aimed to determine the frequency of malnutrition, quality of life, and the relationship between them in patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD). METHOD The study was conducted with a total of 60 CKD patients including 50 haemodialysis patients and 10 peritoneal dialysis patients. Patients' data associated with socio-demographics, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, triceps skin-fold thickness (TSFT), pre-dialysis systolic and diastolic blood pressure, Kt/V and urea reduction ratio (URR) values, laboratory parameters, Mini-Nutritional Assessment-Short Form (MNA-SF) and European Quality of Life 5-Dimensions (EQ5D) scale were recorded. FINDINGS Of the total 60 patients; 27 were male (45%), 33 were female (55%), 83.3% were receiving haemodialysis treatment (HD), and 16.7% were receiving peritoneal dialysis treatment (PD). The mean MNA-SF score was 10.4 ± 2.8 in the HD group and 10.5 ± 2.9 in the PD group; there was no difference between the scores of the HD and PD groups. The mean EQ5D score was 0.60 ± 0.29 in the HD group and 0.68 ± 0.33 in the PD group, no significant difference was found between the HD group and the PD group. The quality of life was found lower in malnourished group (p=0.001). CONCLUSION The quality of life needs to be increased by early diagnosis and treatment of malnutrition in patients at risk.


RESUMO INTRODUÇÃO O estado nutricional é um dos principais determinantes da qualidade de vida de pacientes com doença renal crônica (DRC) e a prevenção da desnutrição aumenta o tempo e a qualidade de vida nessa população. O objetivo do presente estudo foi determinar a prevalência de desnutrição, a qualidade de vida e a inter-relação entre esses fatores em pacientes com DRC em terapia dialítica. MÉTODOS Incluímos 60 pacientes com DRC estágio 5 sob terapia dialítica (50 pacientes em hemodiálise [HD] e 10 em diálise peritoneal [DP]). Os pacientes foram analisados com relação aos seus dados sociodemográficos, índice de massa corporal (IMC), circunferência abdominal, dobra cutânea triciptal, pressão arterial sistólica e diastólica pré-diálise, Kt/V e índice de remoção de ureia, parâmetros laboratoriais, miniavaliação nutricional (MNA) e questionário EuroQol-5 Dimensions (EQ-5D). RESULTADOS Do total de pacientes, havia 27 homens (45%) e 33 mulheres (55%), 83,3% em HD e 16,7% em DP. O MNA médio foi 10,4 ± 2,8 nos pacientes em HD e 10,5 ± 2,9 naqueles em DP, não havendo diferença significativa entre os grupos. O EQ-5D médio foi 0,60 ± 0,29 nos pacientes em HD e 0,68 ± 0,33 naqueles em DP, não havendo diferença estatisticamente significativa entre os grupos. A qualidade de vida foi pior nos pacientes desnutridos (p=0,001). CONCLUSÃO O diagnóstico e o tratamento precoce da desnutrição são necessários para melhorar a qualidade de vida dessa população.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Aged , Quality of Life , Renal Dialysis/adverse effects , Peritoneal Dialysis/adverse effects , Malnutrition/etiology , Malnutrition/epidemiology , Renal Insufficiency, Chronic/complications , Socioeconomic Factors , Time Factors , Turkey/epidemiology , Nutrition Assessment , Anthropometry , Nutritional Status , Prevalence , Cross-Sectional Studies , Risk Factors , Middle Aged
3.
Rev. Assoc. Med. Bras. (1992) ; 64(4): 354-360, Apr. 2018. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-956452

ABSTRACT

SUMMARY AIM: Uremic toxins and excess fluid contributes to increased cardiovascular (CV) risk. We aimed to determine the body fluid status in patients who are just starting hemodialysis (HD) and to determine the effects of excess fluid removed by HD on the CV system. METHODS: A total of 52 patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) who had just started HD were included. Before the HD, the left atrial diameter was measured, the volumes were calculated, the pulse wave velocity (PWV) and the augmentation index (AIx) were measured, the bioimpedance analysis (BIA) was performed, the blood was taken for brain natriuretic peptide (BNP). When patients reached their dry weight with HD, the same measurements were repeated. RESULTS: Measurements were made to determine the volume status, and all parameters except the fat tissue index decreased significantly after HD. With the removal of fluid by HD, there was an average weight reduction of 4.38 kilograms. Positive correlations between PWV and age and cardiothoracic ratio (CTR) before HD were determined. Negative correlations were found between PWV and lean tissue mass (LTM) and intracellular water (ICW) before HD. At the end of the last HD, PWV was positively correlated with age, CTR, central pulse pressure Correlation between pulse wave velocity and LTI was negative CONCLUSIONS: HD significantly improves PWV in patients reaching dry weight. Reduction of fluid excess by ultrafiltration in HD patients may reduce CV mortality by reducing arterial stiffness.


RESUMO INTRODUÇÃO: Em pacientes com doença renal crônica (DRC), toxinas urêmicas e hipervolemia contribuem para aumentar o risco cardiovascular. Nosso objetivo foi determinar o estado de hidratação em pacientes com DRC iniciando hemodiálise (HD) e avaliar os efeitos da correção da hipervolemia sobre o sistema cardiovascular. MÉTODOS: Foram incluídos 52 pacientes que haviam acabado de iniciar HD. Antes do início da sessão, foram determinados o diâmetro e o volume atrial esquerdo, a velocidade de onda de pulso (VOP) e o índice de amplificação sistólica ("augmentation index", AI). Além disso, realizamos análise da composição corporal por bioimpedância elétrica (BIA) e mensuramos os níveis plasmáticos de peptídeo natriurético tipo B. Os mesmos procedimentos foram repetidos após os pacientes alcançarem o "peso seco". RESULTADOS: O peso corporal dos pacientes foi reduzido, em média, em 4,38 kg. Na BIA, todos os parâmetros, exceto o índice de gordura corporal, foram significativamente reduzidos após a hemodiálise. Antes da HD, a VOP se correlacionou positivamente com idade e razão cardiotorácica (RCT), e negativamente com a massa magra e a água intracelular. Ao final da hemodiálise, a VOP se correlacionou positivamente com idade, RCTe pressão de pulso central, correlacionando-se negativamente com a Lean Tissue Index (LTI). CONCLUSÃO: A hemodiálise melhora a VOP por meio da redução da volemia. O controle da hipervolemia via ultrafiltração pode reduzir a mortalidade cardiovascular por meio da redução da rigidez arterial.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Young Adult , Body Composition/physiology , Body Fluids/physiology , Cardiovascular Diseases/etiology , Renal Dialysis/methods , Kidney Failure, Chronic/complications , Kidney Failure, Chronic/therapy , Reference Values , Blood Pressure/physiology , Echocardiography , Cardiovascular Diseases/physiopathology , Risk Factors , Analysis of Variance , Age Factors , Electric Impedance , Statistics, Nonparametric , Natriuretic Peptide, Brain/blood , Vascular Stiffness/physiology , Pulse Wave Analysis , Kidney Failure, Chronic/physiopathology , Middle Aged
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